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| The Development of China Fastener Industry (Part1) |
| POST TIME:2007-11-20
HITS:399 |
| "In old China, maybe between 20s and 30s, we had to rely on imported screws even the simplest iron screws (so they are called "foreign screws"). It was not until about 1930s that enterprises with screw and nut as their products appeared in some places such as Shanghai, but these enterprises also produced various small hardware products and seldom of them produced fasteners as their main products. "
About 60 years has passed since China fastener industry began its development. Today, the scale of China fastener industry is really striking. However, compared with international levels, the gap is so big in many aspects. There is no doubt that turning from a big country of fasteners to a competitive one is one of the most important goals of the industry. Therefore, it is necessary for us to look back the past. I have been involved in fastener industry for some dozens of years. According to my knowledge, I am now trying to give a brief introduction of China fastener industry development for your reference.
1. Professional Fastener Enterprises Came out Gradually (40s to Late 50s)
In old China, maybe between 20s and 30s, we had to rely on imported screws even the simplest iron screws (so they are called "foreign screws"). It was not until about 1930s that enterprises with screw and nut as their products appeared in some places such as Shanghai, but these enterprises also produced various small hardware products and seldom of them produced fasteners as their main products. For example, a small valve enterprise in Shanghai also produced rivets for brake pads at the same time. It was not until 50s that it gradually developed into a specialized rivet factory. And in 40s, there was a screw factory with considerable scale in Wuhan. In mid 50s, its fastener products took up only a little over 50% and the rest are products like hammers, etc. Then, fasteners required by the weak industry were often self-supplying. It is seldom for enterprises to order from others. I've found out that during 40s to 50s, the bud of professional fastener production had just appeared. Few enterprises considered fasteners to be their main line. Then, some coastal enterprises (e.g. Shanghai) started to adopt western fastener special equipment (e.g. simple 1-blow cold header, tapping machines, pipe threading machines, wood screw threading machines, etc.) to produce some hard-to-do fasteners which was difficult to process by general machine tools. At first, wood screws, iron screws for wood, etc. were produced. And then the productions extended to the frequently used common screws and nuts. After that, these equipment and technologies spread to the backlands (because of the war, they transferred to places like Wuhan). However, most of these enterprises were small workshops, with several or some dozen people. In the mainland, most of these enterprises aimed at satisfying the limited requirements in local areas. Series simple screws gradually became self-supporting and export was still a dream.
The transfer to public private ownership in 1956 was both a political movement and structural adjustment of some industries. The small enterprises scattered in all streets and lanes of big cities. Generally, several enterprises were merged into one and transferred to public private ownership. The similar enterprises were merged, so that the specialization became more apparent and the scales of enterprises were expanded, having tens or over a hundred employees. Some enterprises mainly produced fasteners, and even some became professional factories that produced more specific fastener products. So was the situation in Shanghai, Wuhan, Beijing and Guangdong. Professional fastener factories appeared in all parts of the country. However, till around 1958, these professional factories still used the old machines from Britain and US to process the products, and they still used BS Whitworth threads as standard. Moreover, most of the products were ordered as per samples, so the varieties and specifications were in disorder, not to mention unified standard. The concept of "standard parts" had not appeared in the industry yet.
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